Near-Sightedness (Myopia)

What is Myopia?

Near-sightedness or myopia is a medical condition in which people can easily see objects that are closer but encounter a blurring of vision for visualising the far objects. Myopia occurs when the eyeball is too long or when the cornea is too curved.

Globally, the prevalence of myopia was estimated at 28.3% in 2010 and is expected to increase to 50% by 2050.

Aetiology

The exact cause of myopia is unknown. However, certain environmental factors and various health disorders might be implicated in the development of the disorder. Certain subjects might experience myopia only at night, termed as "night myopia" in which the low light makes it difficult for the eyes to focus properly. Also, individuals engaged in excessive amounts of near-vision work may experience a false or "pseudo" myopia. Constant visual stress may cause permanent reduction in the distance vision over a period of time.

Sign and symptoms

The patient complains of difficulty in clearly seeing a movie or a TV screen or any other far object. The disorder affects school age children commonly.

Diagnosis

Investigations are undertaken to measure the focusing power of the eyes and determination of the power of any optical lenses required to correct the defect. Visual acuity testing is one of the commonest methods for testing the reduced vision. The method involves the display of a standard distance chart consisting of alphabets with different font sizes.

General management

The mainstay of the therapy is to prescribe eyeglasses for correction of the vision.

Warning: Above information provided is an overview of the disease, we strongly recommend a doctor's consultation to prevent further advancement of disease and/or development of complications.

Disclaimer: The information provided herein on request, is not to be taken as a replacement for medical advice or diagnosis or treatment of any medical condition. DO NOT SELF MEDICATE. PLEASE CONSULT YOUR PHYSICIAN FOR PROPER DIAGNOSIS AND PRESCRIPTION.